Granular materials

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Granular materials are large assemblies of solid macroscopic particles. If they are noncohesive, the forces between them are strictly repulsive. The particles are usually surrounded by a fluid, most often air, which may play a role in the dynamics of the systems. Examples of such materials include sand, stones, soil, ores, pharmaceuticals, and variety of chemicals.
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See page: [[User:Vrhovac/Granular_materials|User:Vrhovac/Granular Materials]].
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At the root of the unique status of granular materials are two characteristic: ordinary temperature plays no role, and the interactions between grains are dissipative because of static friction and the inelasticity of collisions.  There are no long-range interactions between individual grains or between individual grains and the walls of a confining container. Yet despite this seeming simplicity, a granular material behaves differently from any of the other familiar forms of matter - solids, liquids, or gases.  For instance one can cite internal stress fluctuations, strain localization, non-Newtonian rheology, spontaneous clusterization, size segregation or spatial pattern creations. All these phenomena have no equivalent in classical solid- or liquid-state physics.  Therefore, granular material should be considered an additional state of matter inits own right.
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Attempts toward understanding and controlling both static and dynamic properties of granular materials are thus of highest interest to many fields of physics, applied sciences and engineering.  We are generally interested in understanding of the cooperative dynamics of powder and relationship between the macroscopic behavior of granular materials and their microstructures.
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Latest revision as of 14:24, 31 December 2007

See page: User:Vrhovac/Granular Materials.

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